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Arthrosis

The surface of the bone that forms the joints is covered with special hyalin cartilage - smooth, giving the lowest friction force during articular motor motor skills.If arthrosis is diagnosed, this means that the cartilage is in the process of destruction.

Progress, damaging process applies to the bone, and then to the capsule together.The disease has a universal code according to ICD 10-M15-M19, counting it into a class of muscle tissue pathology and bone connectivity.

According to medical statistics, 12% of the world's population suffers from osteoarthritis, most of which are elderly, from 65 years.However, every year there is a worrying tendency to increase the number of young people.The diagnosis is not deadly, but the arthrosis is dangerous with relapse and complete defect.

Incident

The disease develops gradually, four stages can be conducive to the conducive:

  1. Initially, less exposed areas with blood or damaged appear in the cartilage area.Gradually, with the presence of traumatic factors, the region is not restored, but, in turn, grows.
  2. The body, trying to recover damaged cartilage, replace damaged areas to mineral tissue that do not have a clear structure.Such fabrics, in general, with lower replacement for smooth, sliding and elastic cartilage.
  3. Gradually, the cartilage surface becomes scarring and bone growth - osteophytes.
  4. Healthy areas from the burden increase several times, wear quickly, and as a result, the whole cartilage turns into a large scar.

If the pathological process is not stopped, the joints will undergo the following bad changes:

  • Bones are involved in the process of destruction;
  • Sinovial shells are inflamed;
  • The joint capsule becomes more compact, losing its elasticity;
  • The lumen of the gap together quickly decreases;
  • Bone, without friction, defects, such as joints as a whole;
  • The joint fabric is reborn, so there is a complete loss of possible movement.

Type of arthrosis

Normal joints and arthrosis

The disease affects any articular surface!At the same time, despite the same pathological mechanism, it is classified into several types.

Therefore, depending on the joints that are sick, they distinguish:

  • Knee joint arthrosis, or patellofmoral arthrosis (abbreviated gonartrosis);
  • Hip joint arthrosis (abbreviated coxarthrosis);
  • Shoulder joint arthrosis;
  • interfalanced arthrosis;
  • Ankle joint arthrosis;
  • Hand arthrosis;
  • cervical arthrosis;
  • jaw arthrosis;
  • plusphalx joint arthrosis;
  • iliac arthrosis;
  • Keyboard-acrocomial arthrosis;
  • Temporal arthrosis;
  • Heel arthrosis;
  • Curved arthrosis that affects the vertebral arc process (abbreviated spondylarthrosis);
  • Arthrosis of the joints of the spinal joints;
  • Arthrosis unkoveevertural;
  • ribs arthrosis;
  • Taran-plastic arthrosis.

According to the specific pathological process in cartilagin tissue, they distinguish:

  • Reducing arthrosis is the name of the disease that has been approved to the terminal (end) stage;
  • Arthrosoarthritis - the presence of classic inflammation process is characteristic;
  • chronic;
  • Acute arthrosis.

For the reasons for pathological events, they distinguish:

  • Joint dystrophic arthrosis associated with critical metabolic disorders;
  • Broken arthrosis due to appropriate injury;
  • Post -traumatic arthrosis.

There is another classification - whether the disease is free, or due to provoking factors:

  • Main, - arises in true cartilage - healthy, other names - idiopathic arthrosis, or appears with age -related changes;
  • Secondary, - due to many reasons.

Symptoms of arthrosis

There are signs of arthrosis that are quite typical of all localization, which, depending on the level of pathological development, differs from their severity:

  • pain, pain, increasing with high moisture and hypothermia;
  • decrease in joint mobility;
  • Crunch, spread and cross the sound in the movement of the articular surface;
  • external changes in the joint outline;
  • swelling and swelling;
  • redness of the skin.

Sore

Signs of very early infringement make themselves felt by weak or medium, short pain, which almost never occurs at night, but usually only appears with a load on the surface of the joints.

When the inflammation process moves to the last stage, the patient begins to feel unbearable, "grunts" the pain due to blood stagnation and increases pressure in the joint bag.The pain is characterized by a long period of time, at any time of the day, and regardless of whether the affected area is at the rest, or moves.

Sowearity of the joint

These symptoms are a characteristic of a neglected disease.At the same time, in the early stages, the patient still felt in the morning, after waking up, discomfort when moving in the form of some constraints.

With the development of damaging reactions, the patient's notice:

  • the amplitude of ordinary movement;
  • Inability to change the position of the limbs, even attempt to release the joints manually;
  • Strong fixation (contraction) in a certain position of the joints, which for a long time is in a lack of motor activity.

Finally, in the fourth stage of the pathology, anchilosis is formed in the form of articular tissue replacement to scarring, with complete function loss.

Sound in the joints

Disadvantages can be accompanied by any bone and cartilage dysfunction, not only due to arthrosis.

However, the disease is a feature that sounds:

  • arises only in sore joints;
  • accompanied by difficulty movement;
  • It has the ability to improve pathological development, and fall on the formation of anchilosis.

Changed the appearance of the joints

Significant changes arise in later stages.Therefore, the axis of the affected member is curved, and the articular area itself is not disfigurated - it grows in size, its shape is modified.

All of this indicates the destruction of irreversible joints, in which new fabrics are not formed, have no specific structure.

If such a pathogen process arises in the knee, this means that the load and joints of the plusplange will increase the load on the ankle joint, which will also damage it over time.

The cause of arthrosis

Pathology can occur in one joint and spread to several.The disease is most unlikely to occur at a young age - life is still sufficient for yourself.

However, for all age groups, the cause of their influence is: there are:

  • internal - some diseases, bad habits, unbalanced nutrition, and others;
  • External, - injury, professional factor.

The internal causes of negative changes in joint factors in the form of joint inflammation.Distinguish between inflammation from various origin:

  • infectious (intestinal sticks and koch sticks, viruses, chlamydia, staphylococci, pale treponema, etc.);
  • Rheumatism;
  • purulent arthritis;
  • autoimmune nature;
  • gout;
  • Psoriasis.

In addition, the cause of internal exposure includes congenital violations or acquiring cartilage and deficiency of the food, which may be associated with:

  • genetic damage and mutation;
  • Intrauterine development anomalies, including perinatal injury;
  • old age;
  • osteoporosis, which is "soluble" of bone tissue component of the element;
  • hormone disorders and loads, including menopause;
  • violation of normal metabolism;
  • Weakness in vitamin nutrition and trace elements;
  • diseases that attract muscle weakness;
  • Prolonged internal intoxication.

The deterioration of many musculoskeletal frame diseases also involves cartilage degeneration.

The external cause of the development of the disease is a factor that damages the joints as:

  • frequent hypothermia;
  • dislocation;
  • strong shot;
  • broken;
  • Menisc injection;
  • Strong physical activity (weight lifting, for example);
  • professional sports;
  • Intervention with surgery.

The degree of arthrosis

According to clinical manifestations and the process of disease development, four stages of arthrosis are distinguished:

  1. Arthrosis in the first stage, this is the early stage of arthrosis, characterized by hidden symptoms in the form of negative changes in synovial fluid composition and muscle fiber weakness, if it appears, then only with physical energy;
  2. 2nd degree arthrosis-this has become painful as the joints damage the bone and the formation of osteophytes, the regulation of the neurotropic reflex and heard problems arise;
  3. The 3rd degree arthrosis is characterized by significant degenerative changes in the joints, its deformation that appears to be the curvature of the limbs, the ligaments are shortened, and the joints become pathologically mobile;
  4. The 4th degree arthrosis is a complete ankylosis, complete contraction and severe pain despite rest.

The four stages are continued unevenly: during the pathological period, sharp tension and moment of forgiveness are possible.

Arthrosis treatment

Clinically proven that treatment and prevention in the form of eliminating the provocative factors of Hyalin cartilage damage, although they do not eliminate the disease early, but stop its development and restore joint function.

Basically, small and moderate severity diseases are treated with conservative methods.In the case of serious cartilage destruction, involving bone destruction, surgical endoprostetics are indicated.

In addition, the basic principles in treatment are:

  • A comprehensive approach implies the use of several therapeutic methods;
  • The privilege, is the concentration of efforts to eliminate the disease that causes the disease and its consequences.

Treatment with folk medicine

It is treated comprehensively, but at home, you can also use healing recipes healing people who offer effective treatment for health problems through herbs and bee products.

From using plants:

  • Bay leaves in the form of decoctions, tinctures on vodka and specialized oils used externally, directly to the inflammatory area;
  • Treatment of arthrosis with honey has established itself as a reliable local ingredient, in the form of rubber that is inflamed and nourishes the skin, muscles and cartilage;
  • Cabbage leaves - better than white cabbage - they are slightly silent, and they wrap it with a sore spot, protected with a feather on top, and hold it all night;
  • aloe juice in the form of compression and rubs into the skin;

It also helps with a knee joint arthrosis burdock: the sheet is wrapped in a sore place, which is protected all night.

Preparation for arthrosis

Drug treatment related to classical therapy methods is divided, depending on the form of dosage used, into medicines:

  • External use, in the form of ointment for arthrosis, rubbing, lotion;
  • injection;
  • pills for arthrosis;
  • Capsules.

Ointment

The pharmacological industry produces medical ointment based on natural components, very active:

  • Vishnevsky ointment;
  • Heparin ointment.

Vestaren containing 1% diclofenac helps well: Voltaren in gel form is applied to the skin.

Injection

Injection is not only intramuscular and intramuscular, but also directly to the damage area, for example, non -stable group drugs, proving themselves well in treatment.

Therefore, intraarticular injections are introduced into damaged articular tissues:

  • Glucocorticoids that improve cartilage tissue nutrition that relieve inflammation and increase elasticity - diprocortis, hydrocortisone, etc.
  • Chondroprotectors and intraarticular fluid analogs, - singial, carbon;
  • Hyaluronic acid as a lubricant and analgesic.

Setup in the form of tablets and capsules

Chondroprotectors arranged for arthrosis containing elements of the Hyalin cartilage structure are in medical therapy, and thus recover it.

These drugs are produced in the form of tablets and capsules intended for oral administration through the gastrointestinal tract (orally).In addition, patients are prescribed NSAIDs -anti -anti -inflammation for non -steroid group arthrosis, stops acute pain and relieves severity.

Anesthetic agents are also used in the form of novocaine blockade.

In addition, complex vitamins are prescribed for arthrosis.

From natural remedies of local action, medical bile is recommended, used in the form of compression to the skin.

Exercise for arthrosis

Special training and therapeutic gymnastics (exercise therapy), its complex provides physical activity on unhealthy body parts, has proven themselves.

Dr.Bubnovsky and evdokimenko develop their own therapeutic training complex.

Massage with arthrosis

Very useful affects the treatment and massage of medicine, which improves micro -circulation and deep tissue nutrition.

Diet with arthrosis

In this case, it is important to adhere to proper and rational nutrition to improve the patient's condition.Overcomes the recommended abstinence from excessive eating, animal fat exemption and fried foods.

Which doctor treats arthrosv first with complaints of pain in the bone joints should go to the therapist.It is, after summarizing the patient's history, and asking in detail, will give reference to the desired narrow specialist.

It can, depending on the cause of the disease and its type, profile doctors such as:

  • Orthopedist;
  • Traumatology;
  • surgeon;
  • Rheumatologist.